Here is an up-close and complete look at the Rijksmuseum's once-in-a-lifetime show dedicated to the Dutch Master.
Vivienne Chow
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The hotly anticipated blockbuster of Johannes Vermeer, which reunites 28 out of 37 known paintings by the mysterious 17th-century Dutch master, has finally opened.
But despite the efforts of the Rijksmuseum to ensure that this once-in-a-lifetime exhibition can accommodate as many visitors as possible, many art lovers have been left disappointed. Within a matter of days after the opening, all available tickets were sold out. Before “Vermeer” opened to the public on February 10, the museum already sold more than 200,000 tickets and had extended its opening hours to 10 p.m. on Thursdays to Saturdays and also extended the running time of the show.
Some Vermeer enthusiasts vented their frustration on social media. The Rijksmuseum reacted to public’s overwhelming response promptly by squeezing out more tickets after the opening “without affecting the experience we wish our visitors to have,” a museum spokesperson told Artnet News. The second round of tickets released is now also sold-out. “[The] Rijksmuseum will continue to monitor our audience pattern carefully—and make necessary adjustments when possible to enable as many visitors to see the exhibition as possible,” the museum spokesperson added.
Given that chances of getting tickets to the show are slim, we are bringing you a walkthrough of the exhibition, including every single artwork featured.
Vermeer was born, raised, and died in Delft. Two paintings depicting the scenes of his hometown are featured in this section.
Johannes Vermeer, View of Delft (1660-61). Collection of the Mauritshuis, The Hague.
Johannes Vermeer, View of Houses in Delft, also known as The Little Street (1658–59). Collection of the Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam. Gift of H.W.A. Deterding, London.
This section features four large paintings that are Vermeer’s earliest known works, executed in the artist’s early 20s. Vermeer was born into the times of religious conflicts. A Reformed Protestant by birth, the artist married Catharina Bolnes, a Catholic. The religious themes play a dominant role in works created during this period. The Procuress (1656), however, marks a turning point of Vermeer’s ambition as a painter, as he later chose to focus on capturing everyday life in his works.
Johannes Vermeer, Christ in the House of Mary and Martha (ca. 1655). Collection of the National Gallery of Scotland, Edinburgh.
Johannes Vermeer, Diana and her Companions (ca. 1653–54). Collection of the Mauritshuis, Den Haag.
Johannes Vermeer, Saint Praxedis (ca. 1655). Collection of the National Museum of Western Art, Tokyo.
Johannes Vermeer,The Procuress (ca. 1656). Collection of the Gemäldegalerie Alte Meister, Dresden.
The two paintings featured in this section depict what seems to be the mundane, everyday life, but art historians suggest that these two paintings illustrate how Vermeer mastered his skill in portraying a pictorial space on a flat surface, creating depth and composition with a single vanishing point.
Johannes Vermeer, Girl Reading a Letter at an Open Window (1657–58). Collection of the Gemäldegalerie Alte Meister, Dresden.
Johannes Vermeer, The Milkmaid (1658–59). Collection of the Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam. Purchased with the support of the Vereniging Rembrandt.
This section identifies three works related to the windows, exploring how the inner world is connected to that of the outside, by either opening the windows or having someone looking out the window.
Johannes Vermeer, Officer and Laughing Girl (1657–58). Collection of the Frick Collection, New York. Photo by Joseph Coscia Jr.
Johannes Vermeer, Woman with a Lute (ca. 1662–63). Collection of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.
Johannes Vermeer, Lady Writing with Her Maid (ca. 1670–71). Collection of the National Gallery of Ireland, Dublin.
Is she looking at you or not? This group of paintings depicts women with mysterious gazes. But not everyone of them is engaging with the viewer. The Lacemaker, for example, keeps her head down on her work, but Vermeer brought the viewer so close to her that we can see the threads in her hands.
This section also includes the controversial Girl with a Flute, which has caused a debate on whether it was a genuine work of Vermeer.
Johannes Vermeer, Girl with a Flute (ca. 1669–75). Collection of the National Gallery of Art, Washington D.C.
Johannes Vermeer, Girl with a Pearl Earring (1664–67). Collection of the Mauritshuis, The Hague. Bequest of Arnoldus Andries des Tombe, The Hague.
Johannes Vermeer, The Lacemaker (1666–68). Collection of the Musée du Louvre, Paris.
Johannes Vermeer, Girl with a Red Hat (ca. 1666–67). Courtesy of the National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C.
Music has a strong presence in Vermeer’s modest oeuvre, as highlighted in this section. Curiously, the women in both paintings are looking at the viewer, as if their music-making was interrupted.
Johannes Vermeer, Young Woman Seated at a Virginal (ca. 1670–1672). Collection of the Leiden Collection, New York.
Johannes Vermeer, A Young Woman Standing at a Virginal (1670–72). Collection of the National Gallery, London.
Widely seen as one of the most intriguing paintings by Vermeer, The Love Letter maintains a distance between the two women and the viewer, who is positioned as if taking a peep from an adjacent room. The women’s subtle yet dramatic facial expressions against the backdrop of the painting of the seascape on the wall, suggest a story behind the letter in the hands of the lady in the yellow robe.
Besides music, letters like a supporting character in Vermeer’s paintings. Characters are often depicted writing, reading, or receiving letters, suggesting life beyond the painting.
Johannes Vermeer, The love letter (ca. 1669–70). Collection of the Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam.
Johannes Vermeer, Woman in Blue Reading a Letter (1662–64). Collection of the Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam. On loan from the City of Amsterdam (A. van der Hoop Bequest).
Johannes Vermeer, Mistress and Maid, (ca. 1665–67). Collection of the Frick Collection, New York. Photo by Joseph Coscia Jr.
Johannes Vermeer, A Lady Writing (1664–67. Collection of the National Gallery of Art, Washington. Gift of Harry Waldron Havemeyer and Horace Havemeyer Jr., in memory of their father, Horace Havemeyer.
The gentlemen in Vermeer’s paintings have a curious role to play, as seen in these two paintings below. Still donning a cloak or a cape, these men appear to have just entered the room from the outside, interrupting whatever the women are doing, whether playing the music or taking a sip of wine.
Johannes Vermeer, Girl Interrupted at Her Music (1659–61). Collection of the Frick Collection, New York. Photo by Joseph Coscia Jr.
Johannes Vermeer, The Glass of Wine (ca. 1659–61). Collection of the Staatliche Museen zu Berlin – Gemäldegalerie.
Science is a key subject in Vermeer’s paintings, as seen in The Geographer. Another similar one is The Astronomer, which is in the collection of Louvre but not in this show in Amsterdam. Maps frequently recur.
Johannes Vermeer, The Geographer, (1669). Collection of the Städel Museum, Frankfurt am Main.
This last section of the exhibition looks into the symbols presented in three particular paintings that may suggest Vermeer’s views of the world he lived in the, and the reflection of his inner struggles in relation to his faith and monetary values.
Johannes Vermeer, Woman with a Pearl Necklace (ca. 1662–64). Collection of the Staatliche Museen zu Berlin – Gemäldegalerie.
Johannes Vermeer, Woman Holding a Balance (ca. 1662–64). Collection of the National Gallery of Art, Washington, Widener Collection.
Johannes Vermeer, Allegory of Faith (ca. 1670–74). Collection of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.
“Vermeer” is on view at the Rijksmuseum, Museumstraat 1, Amsterdam, February 10–June 4, 2023.
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