Ahead of the marquee fairs set to happen at the Big Three auction houses in New York in a few weeks, a smattering of sales took place in Europe and Hong Kong in October, delivering an initial referendum on the state of the art market.

The top lot of the month was consigned to Sotheby’s London auction by the William S. Paley Foundation, as revealed by art detective Katya Kazakina, with an estimate in excess of £30 million ($34.7 million). Though it was the first time Bacon’s brushy portrait study hit the block since Paley bought the work in 1963, it fell short of the presale estimate, fetching £24.3 million ($27.2 million). Other notable lots included David Hockney’s cotton-candy-hued landscape Early Morning, Sainte-Maxime (1968-9), which bested its high estimate to fetch an impressive £20.9 million ($23.7 million) at Christie’s.

In Hong Kong, the second most expensive work—Gerhard Richter’s Abstraktes Bild (1990)—fetched $25.5 million, becoming the second highest price for the artist to sell at auction in Asia. Sanyu’s Branches sold for $11 million after a protracted bidding war, although the total results for the house’s contemporary and modern sales were down from last year.

The other big story from last month’s auctions came courtesy of the town of Salford, outside of London, where the artist L.S. Lowry was born. A 1953 painting called Going to the Match was purchased in 1999 for $2.2 million by the Professional Footballers Association Player’s Foundation and displayed in the Lowry, but was consigned to the auction block to raise funds. Salford’s mayor implored heavyweights in the local community and sporting fans to help save the painting. Eventually, the Law Family Charitable Foundation stepped in with a donation of around $8.7 million, allowing the museum to bid on the work and keep it in its rightful home.

Below, see the full roundup of the top 15 most expensive lots to sell at auction last month.

1. Francis Bacon, Three Studies for Portrait of Henrietta Morales (1963)

Francis Bacon, Three Studies for Portrait of Henrietta Morales (1963). Courtesy of Sotheby’s.

Estimate: In excess of £30 million ($34.7 million)

Final Price: £24.3 million ($27.2 million)

Where & When: Sotheby’s London, October 14, 2022

2. Gerhard Richter, Abstraktes Bild (1990)

Gerhard Richter, Abstraktes Bild (1990). Courtesy of Sotheby’s.

Estimate: HK$175 million to HK$235 million ($22.3 million to $29.9 million)

Final Price: HK$200 million ($25.5 million)

Where & When: Sotheby’s Hong Kong, October 7, 2022

3. David Hockney, Early Morning, Sainte-Maxime (1968–9)

David Hockney, Early Morning Sainte Maxime (1968-9), Courtesy of Christie’s Images, Ltd.

Estimate: £7 million to £10 million ($7.9 million to $11.3 million)

Final Price: £20.9 million ($23.7 million)

Where & When: Christie’s London, October 13, 2022

4. Gerhard Richter, 192 Farben (1966)

Gerhard Richter, 192 Farben (1966). Courtesy of Sotheby’s.

Estimate: £13 million to £18 million ($14.6 million to $20.2 million)

Final Price: £18.3 million ($20.5 million)

Where & When: Sotheby’s London, October 14, 2022

5. Lucio Fontana, [Concetto spaziale] (1960)

Lucio Fontana, [Concetto spaziale] (1960). Courtesy of Christie’s Images, Ltd.

Final Price: €15.1 million ($14.8 million)

Where & When: Christie’s Paris, October 20, 2022

6. Gerhard Richter, Wolkenstudie (grün-blau) (Study for Clouds (Green-blue)) (1971)

Gerhard Richter, Wolkenstudie (grün-blau) (Study for Clouds (Green-blue)) (1971). Courtesy of Christie’s Images, Ltd.

Estimate: £6 million to £8 million ($6.8 million to $9 million)

Final Price: £11 million ($12.7 million)

Where & When: Christie’s London, October 13, 2022

7. Sanyu, Branches (1963)

Sanyu, Branches (1963). Courtesy of Sotheby’s.

Estimate: HK$50 million to HK$100 million ($6.3 million to $12.7 million)

Final Price: HK$86.7 million ($11 million)

Where & When: Sotheby’s Hong Kong, October 7, 2022

8. Qi Baishi, Chinese Flowers and Fruits

Qi Baishi, Flowers and Fruits. Courtesy of Sotheby’s.

Estimate: HK$18 million to HK$30 million ($2.29 million to $3.8 million)

Final Price: HK$78.6 million ($10 million)

Where & When: Sotheby’s Hong Kong, October 8, 2022

9. Zao Wou-Ki, 15.02.65 (1965)

Zao Wou-Ki, 15.02.65 (1965). Courtesy of Sotheby’s.

Estimate: HK$65 million to HK$100 million ($8.3 million to $12.7 million)

Final Price: HK$77.5 million ($9.8 million)

Where & When: Sotheby’s Hong Kong, October 7, 2022

10. Pablo Picasso, Femme assise à la galette des rois (1965)

Pablo Picasso, Femme assise à la galette des rois (1965). Courtesy of Sotheby’s.

Estimate: HK$60 million to HK$80 million ($7.6 million to $10.2 million)

Final Price: HK$76 million ($9.7 million)

Where & When: Sotheby’s Hong Kong, October 7, 2022

11. Peter Doig, Country-rock (wing-mirror) (1996)

Peter Doig, Country-rock (wing-mirror) (1996). Courtesy of Sotheby’s.

Estimate: HK$75 million to HK$98 million ($9.5 million to $8.9 million)

Final Price: HK$75 million ($9.57 million)

Where & When: Sotheby’s Hong Kong, October 7, 2022

12. L.S. Lowry, Going to the Match (1953)

L.S. Lowry, Going to the Match (1953). Property of the Players Foundation. Photo courtesy of Christie’s London.

Estimate: £5 to £8 million ($5.6 million to $8.9 million)

Final Price: £7.8 million ($8.8 million)

Where & When: Christie’s London, October 19, 2022

13. Francis Bacon, Painting 1990 (1990)

Francis Bacon, Painting 1990 (1990). Courtesy of Christie’s Images, Ltd.

Estimate: £7 million to £9 million ($7.9 million to $10 million)

Final Price: £7.1 million ($8.05 million)

Where & When: Christie’s London, October 13, 2022

14. Mary Cassatt, Young Lady in a Loge Gazing to Right (ca. 1878–79)

Mary Cassatt, Young Lady in a Loge Gazing to Right (ca. 1878-79). Courtesy of Christie’s Images, Ltd.

Estimate: $3 million to $5 million

Final Price: $7.5 million

Where & When: Christie’s New York, October 20, 2022

15. Frank Auerbach, Head of J.Y.M. (1984–5)

Frank Auerbach, Head of J.Y.M. (1984-5). Courtesy of Sotheby’s.

Estimate: £3 million to £4 million ($3.4 million to $4.5 million)

Final Price: £5.6 million ($6.3 million)

Where & When: Sotheby’s London, October 14, 2022